In a small mixing bowl, whisk together the flour, cream of tartar, baking soda, baking powder and salt.
In a large mixing bowl whisk together the powdered sugar and butter until smooth and homogenous.
Add the egg and vanilla and whisk until fully combined.
To the the wet ingredients, add the flour mixture all at once. Using a rubber spatula, fold the flour into the wet mixture just until the last streaks of flour disappear.
Chill the dough, covered, in the refrigerator for about 2 hours.
Around 10 minutes before you take the dough out of the refrigerator, preheat the oven to 350°F.
Line two half-sheet pans with parchment paper, set aside.
In a small bowl, mix together the cinnamon and granulated sugar.
Measure out 12-13 dough balls — about 2 heaping tablespoons or 1.5 ounces each — and roll each of them in the cinnamon sugar until fully coated.
Place 6 or 7 dough balls on a half-sheet tray, spacing them out so they don’t run into each other. In the meantime, cover the extras and return them to the fridge.
Bake the cookies sheets for 6 minutes, then give the tray a meaningful *thwap* on the counter to de-puff the cookies. (This makes the edges crinkly and crispier.) Return them to the oven for 4 or 5 more minutes, just until the edges are set and starting to lightly brown.
Let the cookies cool on the tray for about 3 minutes then transfer to a wire rack to cool. Repeat with remaining dough.